Title:	Matching Photovoltaics and Heat Pumps - Against the Peak-8
Author(s):	P. Grunow
Keywords:	Storage, Hydrogen, Heat Pump, Prosumer
Topic:	Energy Transition – Integration, Storage, Sustainability, Policy, Economics, Energy Poverty, Society
Subtopic:	Energy System Integration; Storage
Event:	8th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion
Session:	5DV.2.12
Pages:	1585 - 1588
ISBN:	3-936338-86-8
Paper DOI:	10.4229/WCPEC-82022-5DV.2.12
Price:	0,00 EUR
Document(s):	paper, poster

Abstract/Summary:

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This work motivates the combination of rooftop photovoltaics with electric heat pumps and decentral hydrogen storage. First of all, the efficiency is improved by adding the heat flows from the hydrogen back and forth conversion to those of the heat pump in a single device, the so-called Hybrid Storage CHP. Secondly, the power peaks from any heat pump flattens out completely. Since the electric heat pumps are synchronized by the ambient temperature, this will require countermeasures in the power grid capacities. The more heat pumps, the more pronounced the peaks. In addition, they tend to be unpredictable in winter and periods of frost can last several weeks in Central Europe. This will need additional capacities for residual power. While hydrogen systems for single-family houses are already commercially available, this work addresses multi-family houses in cities with only limited roof space per resident as well. Beyond the area constraint, energy sharing among tenants is complicated, while heat sharing is not. Smart heating with Hybrid Storage CHP is still costly, but covers all system requirements for grid-scale residual power management. These long-term storage devices consume or generate power on site and thus call the expansion of the power grid into question. The cost analysis starts with a one-sector model covering only space heating and is then extended to a full sector coupling system for Germany in 2030. The latter is compared to current energy system models with gas turbines for residual load coverage.