Title:	Evaluating PV Placement Strategies Considering High Resolution Embedded CO2 Emissions of Grid Electricity
Author(s):	S. Troeber, N. Vulic, M. Ruedisueli, K. Orehounig, G. Sansavini
Keywords:	Demand-Side, Rooftop, Façade, Building Integrated PV (BIPV)
Topic:	Energy Transition – Integration, Storage, Sustainability, Policy, Economics, Energy Poverty, Society
Subtopic:	Energy System Integration; Storage
Event:	8th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion
Session:	5DV.2.7
ISBN:	3-936338-86-8
Price:	0,00 EUR
Document(s):	poster

Abstract/Summary:

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As part of Switzerland’s energy strategy to reach net zero emissions by 2050, significant new photovoltaic (PV) capacities are expected. Considering seasonal changes in demand and grid carbon intensity, placing PV panels to maximize annual electricity yield---in terms of tilt and orientation---may not necessarily achieve the highest CO2 mitigation potential. In this study, we develop a methodology that evaluates the optimal placement of rooftop and facade PV installations, considering high-resolution grid carbon intensity. We demonstrate its impact for a case study (mixed-use) building under different scenarios, while minimizing both costs and emissions. Across the scenarios, the results show that oversized PV installations are beneficial from an environmental and economic perspective when the carbon credit and financial benefits (e.g. feed-in tariff) are considered. If constant (average annual) grid carbon intensity is assumed, PV installations are maximized for both the rooftop and the facades, while the battery system is omitted, reducing the environmental benefits of self-consumption. When export benefits are reduced (both environmental and financial), a trend towards smaller installations and increased panel tilt is observed. The case study highlights key features of the proposed model in evaluating PV placement options at the building level, while considering the trade-offs between cost and emission reduction.